Mass Media and Communication

The term “mass media communications” may not sound very exciting, but it is among the most dynamic and fastest growing fields of study in the world. Mass media communications are the variety of ways used to communicate with very large audiences such as the population of a city or entire country. Mass media communications include books, magazines, newspapers, radio, television, film, and now the Internet. So if you’re interested in exploring a career in publishing, journalism, broadcasting, film, advertising, public relations, media art, or the new Internet media, check out the new Mass Media Communications Program.

Mass media communication is an important component of almost every business and industry, and new career and job opportunities in mass media communications are being developed nearly every day. So if you’re interested in learning more about the new mass media or in exploring a career in publishing, journalism, broadcasting, film, advertising, public relations, media art, or the Internet media, check out the new Mass Media Communications Program.

TYPES OF MASS MEDIA

Activities:

Computers
Computers are machines that help people find answers to their questions. There are many kinds of computers. Some are very large; others are so small that we can put them in our pockets. There two basic main kinds of computers analog and digital. Computers can do many things; they can solve mathematics problems, record airline reservations, help in space flights and direct nuclear weapons. They can even speak and make translations from one language to another. Computers are becoming more and more popular. Many small businesses such as shoe stores and restaurants are using small office computers. These businesses use computers for jobs, such as keeping inventory (counting how many shoes they have sold, and counting how many and what kinds they still have.) these computers can help the business people make decisions about what to order, buy, deliver and so on. Home computers are also very popular. Everyone in the family can use these small, inexpensive devices. Children enjoy playing video games, like Pac-man and river raiders on them. In addition, they can use these aids to learn and review schoolwork. Adults often use these computers to help with the household budget, amount of money to spend. These versatile machines can also type letters.

1) What do children use computers for?

5. for making more money
   
6. for keeping records of their video games
   
7. for playing games and doing school work
   
8. for keeping records of their family budget
   

2) How do office computers help business people?

5. by keeping updated sales inventories
   
6. by ordering from small restaurants
   
7. by promoting the delivery of shoes
   
8. by buying in small stores

3) Why are computers getting more and more popular?

5. Because they serve humans in many fields
   
6. Because they are getting larger everyday
   
7. Because they represent money to spend
   
8. Because they can be analog 
   

Moral and Values

What’s the definition of moral ?

concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior and the goodness or badness of human character

What are your values?

Your values are the things that you believe are important in the way you live and work.

Examples of Values

• Reliable
• Loyal
• Committed
• Open-minded
• Consistent
• Honest
• Efficient
• Innovative
• Creative
• Humorous
• Adventurous
• Motivated
• Positive
• Optimistic
• Inspiring
• Passionate
• Respectful
• Athletic
• Courageous
• Educated
• Respected
• Love

Activities:

Answer the following 


1. What issues, according to this article, do reporters associate with "moral values" voters?
2. What terms do reporters use interchangeably to describe these voters?
3. Who are the leaders commonly heard in reports on this movement?
4. What did Baptist minister Tony Campolo mean when he said "evangelical Christianity had been hijacked?"
5. What issues does Campolo think evangelicals need to emphasize? 

Science and Technology

What is Science and Technology?

Science is a systematic way of acquiring knowledge about a particular field of study. According to Science Made Simple, a leading website in scientific eduction, science helps us to gain knowledge, through an organized system of observation and experimentation. This system is used to describe different natural phenomena. The aforementioned description is that of pure science, and biology, chemistry, physics and Earth science are the basic fields of pure science.

Technology can be defined as the products, tools and processes used to accomplish tasks in daily life. According to Use of Technology, technology is the application of science to solve a problem. Technology involves the application of engineering and applied sciences to solve the practical problems of human lives. 

Technology is basically human knowledge that is used to create products and artifacts with the help of innovative tools, systems and materials. Technology is used for communication, manufacturing, learning, securing data and transportation; it is often a consequence of science and engineering, but technology as a human activity precedes the other two fields.

What is Science and Technology studies?

In light of the importance of science and technology (S&T) in the world today, there is a need for scholarly work on its social dimensions. The Department of Science & Technology Studies is dedicated to research and teaching about scientific knowledge and technology in its social context. In their research, faculty members examine S&T both in contemporary societies and through historical investigations. 

Activities:

Fill the gaps with the correct object.


1. If we want to print out the information in the computer, we use a _______.
2. A ______________ is a small object which you move with your hand to give instructions to the computer.
3. If we want to upload our pictures onto the computer, we use a _________.
4. While chatting on the web we usually use a _________ to see each other's faces.
5. It is smaller than a desktop computer and you can carry it with your hands. It is a ______________. 


Reading Comprehension

Invenctions 

Humans beings have been inventing since we first appeared on Earth starting with the simple Stone Age tools. In the last one hundred years, the pace of inventions has accelerated. Not all inventions were immediately recognized as useful. For example, the photograph was not even perceived as a practical tool at the time it was invented by Thomas Edison. Edison is one of the greatest inventors of mankind.
Many inventions came from individuals who work alone. Ideas were often a moment of inspiration but the invention always took painstaking hard work over many years. Leonardo Da Vinci’s helicopter took a few hundred years to develop from his early sketches to what we see today. Some inventions such as the wheel and paper clip are simple. Others like transistors and locomotives are more complex. But each invention has an important impact on man’s daily life. All inventions have one thing in common, an inquisitive and creative mind.

What do inventions have in common?

5. an impatience and creative mind.
   
6. they took hundred years to work
   
7. an inquisitive and creative mind.
   
8. are too simple to create them.
   

Who contributed with the invention of the helicopter?

5. Thomas Edison.
   
6. Albert Einstein .
   
7. Leonard Edison
   
8. Leonardo Da Vinci.
   

Who invented the photograph?

5. Leonardo Da Vinci.
   
6. Thomas Edison.
   
7. Albert Einstein .
   
8. None of them
   

Computers

Computers are machines that help people find answers to their questions. There are many kinds of computers. Some are very large; others are so small that we can put them in our pockets. There two basic main kinds of computers analog and digital. Computers can do many things; they can solve mathematics problems, record airline reservations, help in space flights and direct nuclear weapons. They can even speak and make translations from one language to another. Computers are becoming more and more popular. Many small businesses such as shoe stores and restaurants are using small office computers. These businesses use computers for jobs, such as keeping inventory (counting how many shoes they have sold, and counting how many and what kinds they still have.) these computers can help the business people make decisions about what to order, buy, deliver and so on. Home computers are also very popular. Everyone in the family can use these small, inexpensive devices. Children enjoy playing video games, like Pac-man and river raiders on them. In addition, they can use these aids to learn and review schoolwork. Adults often use these computers to help with the household budget, amount of money to spend. These versatile machines can also type letters.

1) What do children use computers for?

1. for making more money
   
2. for keeping records of their video games
   
3. for playing games and doing school work
   
4. for keeping records of their family budget
   

2) How do office computers help business people?

1. by keeping updated sales inventories
   
2. by ordering from small restaurants
   
3. by promoting the delivery of shoes
   
4. by buying in small stores

3) Why are computers getting more and more popular?

1. Because they serve humans in many fields
   
2. Because they are getting larger everyday
   
3. Because they represent money to spend
   
4. Because they can be analog 
   

Careers, jobs and lifestyles

Costa Rica is one of the most popular retirement havens in Central America. Expats have been flocking here for more than 30 years. And when you are living in Costa Rica you will enjoy the country’s long stretches of deserted and undeveloped beaches, on the Caribbean and Pacific Coasts…dense jungles teeming with exotic wildlife…towering volcanoes, lush green valleys, mountain villages, bustling market towns, quiet rural areas, and hundreds of crystal-clear lakes, rivers, streams, and waterfalls. All these things, and much more, make living in Costa Rica such a draw for retirees and other expats.

Working in Costa Rica has become an option for numerous assignees, since multinationals discovered the benefits of setting up shop here. Are you one of these expats? Or are you interested in the ecotourism sector? Read on for info on the economy, permits, and business etiquette in Costa Rica.

Agriculture 
Traditionally, Costa Rica has been world-renowned for the quality of its produce. Coffee, pineapples, and bananas have helped to put Costa Rica on the map and provided a steady flow of income for the country. 

Tourism 
The nation profits greatly from its rich flora and fauna. The environmental protection agendas many nations contemplate are actually working in Costa Rica, blessing the country with a biodiversity that is almost unparalleled. Costa Rica was trailblazing in the introduction of the ecotourism concept, and it is the Central American country which attracts most tourists.

Activities:

A.INSTRUCTIONS: Answer the questions below. What are they?

1. Who repairs cars? ________________
   
2. Who drives a taxi? _______________.
   
3. Who is the guy who catches criminals? ___________________.
   
4. Who makes bread? _______________.
   
5. Who works in a newspaper? _____________
   
6. Who writes novels? __________________
   

B.Write a paragraph describing your dream job and its characteristics, and elements should have
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Our democratic traditions

Civil elections have shown that Costa Rica’s democracy is beacon of stability for Central America. An article on its ‘Refreshing Electoral Process’ by QCostaRica’s Simone Shapiro, explains that “like the United States, Costa Rica is a constitutional republic and has been since 1949. Like the United States, Costa Rica holds presidential elections every four years. Costa Rica held its presidential election to customize this process.”

Civil elections show the benefits of the stability enjoyed by a country that has been without an army for half a century; it the only country without a military in the world. Costa Rica’s democracy and Costa Rica’s democratic tradition are the result. What is a better role model for the rest of Central America? Add your answers below! | Democracy, elections, and voting at Democracy Chronicles.

Vocabulary

•  Freedom of Speech
•  To elect
•  Law
•  Judge
•  Foreigners
•  Citizens
•  Campaing
•  Ideology
•  Reformer
•  Election
•  Opinion
•  Referendum
• Government
•  Right
•  Democracy

Activities:

Common illness and diseases

What is a disease?

A disease is a particular abnormal condition, a disorder of a structure or function, that affects part or all of an organism. 
Disease is often construed as a medical condition associated with specific symptoms and signs. It may be caused by external factors such as pathogens or it may be caused by internal dysfunctions particularly of the immune system.

In humans, disease is often used more broadly to refer to any condition that causes pain, dysfunction, distress, social problems or death to the person afflicted, or similar problems for those in contact with the person. In this broader sense, it sometimes includes injuries, disabilities, disorders, syndromes, infections, isolated symptoms, deviant behaviors, and atypical variations of structure and function, while in other contexts and for other purposes these may be considered distinguishable categories. Diseases can affect people not only physically, but also emotionally, as contracting and living with a disease can alter the affected person's perspective on life.


What is a illness?

Illness is generally used as a synonym for disease. However, this term is occasionally used to refer specifically to the patient's personal experience of his or her disease.

Examples of diseases and illnesses 

• Asthma
• Cancer
• Back pain 
•  Diahrrea 
• Fever
• Headache
• Stomachache
• Flu
• Cough
• Backache 

Activities:

Doctors don’t always know what causes high blood pressure which is also called hypertension, but we do know a few things about this disease. For example, more men than women have it, and it usually begins in middle or old aged persons. It sometimes runs in families.
Many people have high blood pressure without knowing it, because there are usually no clear symptoms. If you want to know whether you have high blood pressure, ask your doctor to check it with a blood pressure instrument.
If you have high blood pressure, what can you do about it? If you are heavy, losing weight will help. Some patient’s blood pressure goes down when they reduce eating over salted food. Other people can improve by learning how to relax and by doing the right kind of exercise. Fortunately, it is possible to control high blood pressure today with proper medicine. If not controlled, high blood pressure can lead to serious problems, like heart disease. 

1- What is hypertension?

2- Name four things a patient of high blood pressure should do?

Other home remedies
For a cold: eat hot chicken soup.
For a sore throat: drink hot lemon juice with honey. 
For insomnia: drink a glass of hot milk
For stress: exercise and find some free time to do what you enjoy the most.

1. What can you do when you have stress? _________________.
A) do exercise
B) don’t eat hot chicken soup
C) eat hot chicken soup
D) don’t do what you enjoy the most.

2. What can you do when you have insomnia? __________________.
A) do exercise
B) drink hot chicken soup 
C) drink cold milk
D) drink boiled milk 

Tourism world wide and tourist attractions

Tourism in Costa Rica is one of the fastest growing economic sectors of the country and by 1995 became the largest foreign exchange earner. Costa Rica became a popular nature travel destination, and its main competitive advantage is its well-established system of national parks and protected areas, covering around 23.4% of the country's land area, the largest in the world as a percentage of the country's territory, and home to a rich variety of flora and fauna. 
The country also has plenty of beaches, both in the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, within short travel distances, and also several volcanoes that can be visited with safety.
Costa Rica stands as the most visited nation in the Central American region.

Tourism is one of Costa Rica's most important businesses, and they are blessed to contain all the key ingredients of the perfect tourist destination. Eco-tourism is Costa Rica's #1 business and with good reason since Costa Rica is home to several pristine beaches, volcanoes, hot springs, caves, rainforests, mountains, waterfalls and more. Costa Rica's impressive biodiversity is what makes it a key destination.

Activities:

GET READY FOR A THRILLING ADVENTURE
Costa Rica’s topography provides excellent water all year long. Costa Sol Rafting runs tours of class II rivers (for beginners) through class IV rivers (for intermediates), like the Reventazon and Pacuare, and offers the highest quality trips available.

All tours include:  lunch  insurance  transportation  security kayak  typical breakfast

 rafting equipment  trained guides in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and First Aid  Be ready to get wet! During the rafting trip you should wear sneakers or river shoes, shorts and a T-shirt. Bring a change of clothing and a towel for after the trip.

1. Costa Sol offers tourists __________ trips. 
A) boring
B) unexciting
C) adventurous
D) overnight-stay

2. Costa Rican rivers __________ for rafting during the whole year. 
A) supply enough water
B) offer little excitement
C) show deficient conditions
D) have the lowest water level

1. Beginners must practice rafting only in class II rivers. 2. All participants provide their own the necessary equipment. 3. Intermediates are allowed to practice rafting in class IV Rivers. 4. Only intermediates are allowed to practice rafting in Costa Rican rivers. 3.From the options above, which statements are correct? __________  A) 1and2

B) 2and3  C) 3 and 1  D) 4 and 1 4.The rafting trip company has __________ for the tourists in case of accidents.  A) lunch B) breakfast C) insurance D) river shoes